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Identification
of Karst Features from
Seismic
Profiles
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Finally,
the Type 6
feature does not necessarily include a karst-related structure
but rather represents intact bedding or undisturbed section.
A moderate to thick overburden overlies a deeper limestone
surface that may not be within the imageable area of the
HRSP, in which case depth to limestone is estimated from
other methods, such as gamma profiles of well logs. This
type of stratigraphy may occur over the entire survey
area if there is a thick overburden, or as fill within
karst features. Communication between the surface and
groundwaters may be minimal in these areas.
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All
of the lakes surveyed that have legible seismic profiles
show at least one of the features noted in the summary
reflections but usually there are multiple features present.
Where these features have been identified in the profiles,
their corresponding number has been annotated on the index
map for each individual lake. The extent of the coverage,
along with correlation from other sensing techniques such
as gamma logs, and general knowledge of Florida geology,
has allowed for some inference as to the type of material
associated with the acoustic return. Parallel reflections
or transparent return infer a stratigraphy
of sand and clays. A jagged or noisy return indicates
the limestone surface is near the lake bottom. As mentioned
earlier, the type of feature present is probably a function
of type and amount of overburden, proximity of karst surface
to the lake bottom and maturity of karst development.
Each of the identified features influence leakage between
surface waters and the Floridan aquifer. Studies using
seepage meters are being conducted to quantify variations
in leakage related to a particular subsurface feature
(Hirsch, 1998).
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